Monthly Archives: November 2023

Expansion of BRICS Group to add New Countries in 2024

BRICS is an organization currently comprised of five countries – Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The countries together account for more than 40% of the world’s population and 25% of the global economy.

Initiated by Russia in 2009, it is not a formal multi-lateral agreement such as the United Nations or World Bank. Instead, the heads of state and government convene annually and its focus is economic collaboration and increasing trade and development.

Recently BRICS decided to expand the coalition, inviting six new countries to join. The additional six will join in 2024 and includes Saudi Arabia, Iran, Egypt, Ethiopia, Argentina, and the United Arab Emirates.

The block operates by consensus. More than 40 countries have expressed interest in joining. The countries want to lower their dependence on Wester trade and increase benefits in development finance and increased trade.

BRICS is also discussing the development of a new currency to be used for cross-border trade with its members. Foreign governments want to detach themselves from reliance on the U.S. dollar. Estimates are that currently 84.3% of cross-border trade use the U.S. dollar, compared to just 4.5% for the Chinese yuan.

The biggest achievement of the group is financial; the countries pooled $100 billion of foreign currency what can be lent to each other, and founded the New Development Bank that has approved more than $43 billion of loans – mainly for water, transportation, and infrastructure.

Should others join?

 Group Activities and Discussion Questions:

  1. Poll students: Can they define the current five countries in BRICS?
  2. What do they think the purpose is of the BRICS alliance?
  3. Show video about BRICS: https://www.reuters.com/world/what-is-brics-who-are-its-members-2023-08-21/
  4. Discuss with students the benefit of the new countries joining BRICS. What is the reason for the addition.
  5. Divide students into six teams. Have each team research one of the new BRICS countries in regards to population, trade, imports, exports, political structure, etc.
  6. Discuss the results and how the new countries joining BRICS might impact U.S. trade.

Source: Acharya, B. (21 August 2023). What is BRICS, which countries want to join and why? Reuters; Erlanger, S. Pierson, D., Chutel, L. (24 August 2023). Iran, Saudi Arabia and Egypt invited to join emerging nations group. New York Times.

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Hoka – The Ugly Shoe Everyone is Buying

Consumers love something different, at least some of the time. But then other times, it is difficult to get them to switch their buying habits. On average, consumers buy the same 150 items fairly consistently. That means it is difficult for new products to get buyers to shift their buying to another product.

Think about it. What are the brands you buy regularly? Now, what might it take to get you to buy an entirely new brand and substitute it for one of your beloved products? It can be tough going to gain acceptance for new products, particularly products that look as different as Hoka shoes.

In 2012, sales of Hoka shoes were approximately $3 million. A little over a decade later, Hoka shoes sales in the past fiscal year were $1.4 billion. That’s a huge jump in sales and loyalty for a very peculiar looking athletic shoe.

Everyone who buys Hoka shoes seem to like them – runners, waiters, workers, teens, even grandparents. Why? Well, the first thing is that the shoe has to be comfortable and perform as required. Hoka shoes also come in vibrant colors and have a hefty foam sole. But still, it’s a big departure from the sleek-looking Nike shoes that dominate the market.

One of Hoka’s main strategies was to grow slowly. Yes, you read that right. Slowly. The company deliberately grew slowly by keeping supply below demand and maintaining selective distribution.

The company founders also deliberately made the shoes bigger than most athletic shoes. The shoes have been described as clown-like, bloated, bulbous, wacky, and just plain ugly. But, the shoes performed. Running stores couldn’t keep them in stock. And the company maximized on direct-to-consumer, skipping the big-box stores. When the company did move to stores such as Foot Locker and Dick’s Sporting Goods, it waited until consumers already knew about Hokas.

They may look clownish, but are you ready to run in them?

 Group Activities and Discussion Questions:

  1. Poll students: What athletic shoes do they have? What do they like? Dislike?
  2. Does anyone have Hoka shoes? Why or why not?
  3. Show Hoka Shoes website: https://www.hoka.com/en/us/
  4. Why did a slow growing strategy and limited distribution work for Hoka?
  5. Discuss competition for Hoka.
  6. What are the direct competitors? Indirect competitors?
  7. Divide students into teams. Have each team compare Hoka shoes with a competitive product.
  8. Students should also develop a positioning map for athletic shoes. Where in the map would Hoka shine versus competitors?
  9. What are the key points of difference?
  10. How should Hoka be marketing its shoes?

Source: Cohen, B. (22 June 2023). The ugly shoes now worth billions of dollars. Wall Street Journal.

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Rebranding: Twitter Becomes “X”

Marketers love branding, and branding is a critical part of the marketing process. Branding is when an organization uses an image, name, design, or symbol to clearly identify its products. Brands help companies stand apart and help distinguish one product (or service) from another. We can picture brand icons in our minds – and these help us recall the product purpose and usage.

Think about it for a minute. If someone says “Nike” a consumer can easily picture the logo and the products that Nike offers. The same can be true of services. If we say “Facebook,” it quickly conjures an image of the Facebook logo and its services.

Brands also have personality linked to their icons and images. What do we mean by personality? It’s a set of human-type characteristics and we associate with a brand name. Again, think about Nike. What characteristics might you say Nike represents? Facebook?

In general terms, brand names should suggest the product benefits, be distinctive, fit the company image, be simple and even emotional.

So why did Twitter recently rebrand itself as “X” from its traditional blue bird? According to Elon Musk (new owner of Twitter) he wants to use Twitter as the basic foundation of an “everything app” known as “X.com.” X will eventually include audio, video, messaging, and even banking capabilities – none of which were part of Twitter. (Twitter has also filed to rename the company to X Corp.)

Mr. Musk has used “X” as other names for his companies. He had formerly run financial company PayPal which started as X.com, his space ship company also uses and X as in the name “SpaceX,” and a new artificial intelligence business is also includes an X in “xAI.” The overall corporate entity created to purchase and control Twitter also has an X as in “X Holdings.”

Will the branding change benefit the company? Time will tell.

P.S. Do we still say “tweeted” when posting on X?

 Group Activities and Discussion Questions:

  1. Show video about the change from Twitter to X: https://www.wsj.com/video/elon-musk-rolls-out-new-x-logo-as-twitter-rebrands/0F91130A-ED9D-497B-A282-F26CCCF5DD91.html
  2. Show the website: https://twitter.com/
  3. Poll students: What are their favorite brands?
  4. Divide students into teams. Can each team draw the brand icon for these favorites?
  5. Also have students define the brand personalities for their favorite brands.
  6. Will Twitter’s rebranding help its standing as global brand?
  7. OPTIONAL: Show Interbrands’ Top Global Brands list: https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/

Source: Corse, A., Eaton, C., and Purnell, N. (24 July 2023). Elon Musk replaces Twitter’s blue bird with an ‘X’. Wall Street Journal.; Scheiber, N., Mac, R. (23 July 2023). Elon Musk changes Twitter logo to an X. New York Times; other news sources.

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